Using ellipses correctly in APA style is crucial for maintaining the accuracy and integrity of your research. An ellipsis (...) indicates the omission of words from a direct quotation. While seemingly simple, mastering its use within the APA framework requires understanding specific rules and best practices. This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about using ellipses in APA style, ensuring your citations are both precise and compliant.
What is an Ellipsis in APA Style?
In APA style, an ellipsis (three spaced periods: . . . ) signals that you've removed words from a direct quote. This is essential when you only need a portion of a quote to support your point, or when the original quote is too lengthy for your context. Improper use, however, can distort the original meaning and undermine the credibility of your work. Remember, your goal is to represent the original author's intent accurately, even when using only a fragment of their work.
When Should You Use an Ellipsis in APA Style?
You should use an ellipsis when:
- Omitting words within a sentence: If you remove words from the middle of a sentence, use an ellipsis to indicate the omission. For example:
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog...and then runs away."
- Omitting words at the beginning of a sentence: If the beginning of the quote is irrelevant to your point, you can omit it. However, you must indicate this omission with an ellipsis only if it is at the beginning of the sentence. If it is within a sentence, use the regular rules above. For example:
"...the lazy dog slept soundly." (Note the absence of a capital letter to avoid misrepresenting the original sentence structure)
- Omitting words at the end of a sentence: If you omit words from the end of a sentence, use an ellipsis followed by a period. This results in four periods (. . . .). For example:
"The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog. . . ."
When You Shouldn't Use an Ellipsis in APA Style
Crucially, you should not use an ellipsis:
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To omit words at the beginning of the original sentence, unless it is at the start of your quote. If the beginning of the original sentence is relevant to the point you're making, you must include it.
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To indicate a pause or hesitation. Ellipses are solely for indicating omitted words from a direct quote and are not stylistic tools for suggesting pauses in the writing itself.
Bracketing and Ellipses in APA Style
When making alterations to the original quote (beyond simple omissions), remember to use brackets [ ] to clearly indicate your additions or changes:
For example: "The quick brown fox [allegedly] jumps over the lazy dog." In this instance, the word "allegedly" was added for clarity.
The APA Style Manual recommends minimizing alterations to the text, and only doing so when strictly necessary.
Common Mistakes to Avoid When Using Ellipses
- Spacing: Always include spaces between the periods of an ellipsis (. . .).
- Overuse: Avoid excessive use of ellipses. If you're omitting a large portion of the quote, consider whether a shorter, more relevant quote would better serve your purpose.
- Misrepresenting the meaning: Always ensure that your use of ellipses does not alter the original meaning of the quote.
How to Find More Information on APA Style
This guide provides a concise overview of using ellipses in APA style. For a comprehensive understanding of APA style guidelines, consult the official Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association.
This guide aims to offer a clear and concise understanding of using ellipses within the APA citation system. While comprehensive, always consult the official APA Style Manual for the most up-to-date and detailed information. Accurate and ethical quotation practices are paramount in academic writing; mastering ellipsis usage contributes significantly to maintaining this integrity.
